Development of a 2-liter ammonia fueled engine

Development of a 2-liter ammonia fueled engine
by Riko Seibo
Tokyo, Japan (SPX) Jan 24, 2025
A 2-liter engine powered by ammonia, a renewable and zero-carbon energy source, has been developed to serve as a versatile platform for applications such as vehicles, ships, aircraft, and industrial power generators.

The Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), led by President Seog-Hyeon Ryu, announced the creation of the world's first engine capable of directly injecting ammonia into the combustion chamber at high pressure. This achievement was made possible in collaboration with the Electrification Engineering Center of Hyundai Motor and Kia, under the jurisdiction of South Korea's Ministry of Science and ICT.

This innovative engine employs high-pressure liquid injection technology to overcome traditional challenges associated with gaseous ammonia fuels, including inconsistent power output and harmful emissions. The system ensures a reliable and stable supply of ammonia fuel. By using pure ammonia, the engine achieves a high specific output without requiring combustion enhancers or additives.

The research team optimized engine performance by enhancing the ignition system and refining the timing of fuel injection and valve operation. They also developed a specialized after-treatment system to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) and unburnt ammonia emissions. These improvements have resulted in higher thermal efficiency and power output, while significantly lowering emissions, demonstrating ammonia's potential as an efficient and environmentally friendly fuel.

Principal researcher Dr. Cheolwoong Park of KIMM stated, "This innovation represents a major improvement over traditional ammonia engine technologies, introducing a novel approach to power systems." He emphasized its capacity to revolutionize energy sources for mobility and industrial applications, particularly in clean hydrogen energy. Dr. Seungwoo Lee of Hyundai Motor and Kia added, "This engine technology could play a key role in addressing the challenges of hydrogen transportation and green hydrogen production, positioning ammonia as a clean fuel-based power solution."

This research was supported by Hyundai Motor and Kia under the project titled "Evaluation of Direct Injection Ammonia Engines."