Chinese Prime Minister Li Keqiang met central and eastern European leaders Tuesday in a summit to cement Beijing's plans for a new transport network to funnel exports into Europe.

The two-day meeting in Belgrade gathering prime ministers from 16 states had infrastructure and transport top of the agenda.

Beijing hopes to turn the Greek port of Piraeus -- where the Chinese shipping giant Cosco has a 35-year concession to hugely expand its two container terminals -- into a new hub for trade with Europe.

Despite being hit hard by the economic crisis, Greece still has the world's largest merchant marine fleet, with China one of its key customers.

Li discussed huge investment into Greece's crumbling railways during a visit to Athens in August, including a high-speed rail project.

"We will propose construction of a rapid land and maritime route based on the Budapest-Belgrade railroad and the Greek port of Piraeus to improve regional connectivity," Li told Serbian media ahead of the summit in Belgrade.

- Bullet train -

The signing on Wednesday of a deal with Li's Hungarian and Serbian counterparts, Viktor Orban and Aleksandar Vucic for a high-speed bullet train link between Budapest and Belgrade to be built by 2017 is the centrepiece of the gathering.

Orban said that the railroad "is originating from Greece, through Macedonia, Serbia to Budapest and further towards Western Europe."

"We have a great potential for cooperation in infrastructure. The Central-Eastern European (CEE) countries have large number of good ports and highways, so if we can connect all of them we could establish a massive express line through the Balkans to China at lower economic costs," Li said at the opening of the summit, the third of its kind.

He insisted that the improved cooperation with the CEE countries would also benefit China's relations with the EU.

"Everything will be conducted in accordance with the policies that are valid in the European Union," Li said, adding that "China supports the European Union, EU integration and a strong euro."

Beijing said it was interested in investing in energy, agriculture and industry as well as infrastructure projects in the 16 countries.

Trade between China and the region, which has expanded five-fold since 2003, was also on the agenda.

Chinese Commerce Minister Gao Hucheng said trade with the region could exceed $60 billion (48 billion euros) this year, up $4.9 billion on last year.

However, Chinese investment remained below targets set during two previous summits: in Warsaw in 2012, when China pledged loans of 10 billion euros; and last year in Bucharest.

China has invested billions of euros in Hungary and Serbia, but much less so in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia and the Baltic states.

However, some countries including Poland hope to increase exports to China, in particular of food, after Russia slapped a ban on food imports in retaliation for European Union sanctions over Moscow's role in the Ukrainian conflict.

- Roads and power stations -

"We hope to sell a lot of Polish food to China because we have problems with Russia right now and Russia was rather a huge market for Polish fruit, vegetables and meat," Professor Bogdan Goralczyk of the Central and Eastern Europe Development Institute (CEED) said.

In Poland, Chinese funds amounted to only 0.2 percent of inward investment in 2013, according to the National Bank of Poland, and even less in Romania.

China has so far concentrated on transport infrastructure and the energy sector in the Balkans.

In Serbia, China has already signed a $1.25-billion deal to overhaul the main power plant while in neighbouring Bosnia, Chinese firms have been involved in two power plants projects worth over one billion euros. They also signed a preliminary 600-million-euro deal for the construction of 62 kilometres (38 miles) of a highway leading to Croatia's Adriatic coast.

During his stay in Belgrade, Li, the first Chinese prime minister to visit Serbia in almost 30 years, will open a 1.5-kilometre (one-mile) bridge over the Danube river.

The $170 million project was China's first infrastructure investment in Europe ant the biggest of its kind when it was first announced.

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